New Technology Of Antibacterial Finishing

Using plasma surface treatment to obtain antibacterial effect is a new surface antibacterial modification technology. Compared with the whole material antibacterial finishing, the surface treatment has advantages of antibacterial, and does not harm the performance of the bulk material. The technical methods to obtain antibacterial properties of materials on plasma surface treatment are mainly ion implantation, ion beam assisted deposition (IBAD) and plasma immersion ion implantation deposition (PIII-D). Ion implantation is a method for accelerating the injection of energetic ions into the solid surface under vacuum. By adding some antibacterial elements such as Ag and Cu into the surface of textile materials, the metastable phase or precipitating phase can be formed. The antibacterial properties of the material can be obtained. The advantage of the method is that the connection between the surface and the substrate of other manufactured products can be solved. Ion beam assisted deposition technology refers to the formation of a single or compound film by means of bombardment and mixing with a certain energy ion beam at the same time when vapor deposition is deposited. This method can continuously grow arbitrary thickness films at low bombardment energy, and can synthesize synthetic film with ideal chemical ratio at room temperature or near room temperature. Plasma immersion ion implantation is to generate plasma in the vacuum chamber before applying negative bias to the work piece to obtain ion implantation or deposition. It has both ion implantation effect and conventional ion plating effect. This method can improve the physical and chemical properties of the film and composite layer, and thus be applied in the research of antibacterial materials.

Nanofics vacuum plasma treatment equipment and its treatment effect

The conventional electroless silver plating process is simple, but the durability, fastness and evenness are not ideal. Vacuum silver plating is carried out under high vacuum. On the one hand, it reduces the collision between silver atoms and gas molecules, thereby reducing the occurrence of chemical reactions. On the other hand, it can keep the surface of the coated textiles clean and improve the fastness of silver atoms to fibers. When the silver is vacuum plated, the textile can not contain moisture, otherwise the vacuum will decrease. The silver coating on the surface of the vacuum silver plated fiber is very thin, and its fastness is the key to the quality of the product.

The spattering of textiles can be carried out in a DC two stage sputtering device. The adhesion fastness of antibacterial metals to textiles is better than that of vacuum plating, and the film thickness is slower than that of vacuum plating. In addition, the standard moisture regain, heat resistance and hydrophilic group content of the fiber will have an impact on the sputtering effect. Compared with cotton and viscose fabric, polyester fabric is easier to splash, and the permeability of polyester fabric after splashing is basically unchanged. This is related to the metal film wrapped on the surface of each fiber instead of being attached to the fiber gap. Compared with untreated textiles, the rigid flexibility of spilled textiles varies from 4% to 24%, that is, a slight tendency to harden, which is similar to that of general resin finishing and heat setting treatment. The new silver plated fibers and fabrics developed by magnetron sputtering and composite coating technology have excellent antibacterial properties, and are the top materials for severe medical dressing such as burns. At the same time, increasing the amount of silver can also make the fabric have the function of isolating electromagnetic radiation.

Usually, the antibacterial property of textiles is easy to get in finishing, but it is easy to lose in washing. In order to improve the durability of antibacterial finishing of textile materials and achieve the regeneration of antibacterial function, it is a new finishing method. In this new process, the antibacterial agent compound (potential antibacterial agent) instead of the antibacterial agent itself can be applied to the antibacterial treatment of cellulose materials. Before the activation of the antibacterial functional group is activated, the potential antibacterial agent is covalently bonded to the cellulose material, and then it can be activated by a reversible chemical process, such as redox reaction, to release antibacterial groups. This finishing method is similar to crease resistant finishing process, and the activation reaction can be achieved in conventional processes such as bleaching. The use of potential antibacterial agents, namely, mono hydroxymethyl -5,5- two methyl hydantoin (MDMH), can be used to treat cellulose fabrics. The hydroxymethyl in MDMH can react with hydroxyl groups on the molecular chains of cellulose fibers to produce covalent bonds. The secondary amino groups in MDMH can be treated with the solution containing effective chlorine to form halogen amine structure. The chlorine polarity of the covalent bond in the halogen amine structure is very strong, which can cause the microorganisms to deactivate, so as to achieve the antibacterial effect. After chlorination, the chlorine atoms are reduced to chlorides, while the halogen amine bonds are converted into secondary amino groups, which can be regenerated after re chlorination, so as to achieve the regeneration of antibacterial function.

Graphene has strong cytotoxicity to cells, which can directly contact the cell membrane of bacteria and decompose it. The antibacterial mechanism of graphene oxide is the combined action of cell membrane and oxidative stress. Krishnamoorthy and so on were coated on the surface of cotton fabric by graphene oxide nanostructure. The results showed that the modified fabrics had higher thermal stability and greater toxicity to Gram-positive bacteria. Fan Chunhai and other three methods such as adsorption, radiation crosslinking and chemical crosslinking were used to apply graphene oxide to cotton fabric. The experiments showed that these fabrics had strong antibacterial properties, killing 98% of bacteria and washing well. Miao Guangyuan and others first bonded graphene oxide with cotton fibers, then reduced graphene oxide by chemical reduction, and found that the treated fabrics had certain antibacterial properties.

Computer simulation of the process of graphene destroying bacterial cell membrane

The microcapsule antibacterial finishing technology first refine the antibacterial substance into solid particles or droplets with very small particle size, and then take it as the core, and use special methods to deposit the polymer with film forming properties on the surface, and form a seamless film. Finally, after the separation and drying process, the microcapsule antibacterial agent is prepared, followed by antibacterial finishing. For example, the Japanese bell spinning company encapsulated Artemisia argyi extract and cedar extract into microcapsules, and treated underwear and sportswear with antibacterial properties. In general, the release rate of microcapsule antiseptic can be controlled by changing the composition and thickness of wall material, and the durability time can be prolonged.