Asia'S Largest Single Garbage Dump Transformed Into Urban Green Heart. Wuhan'S Return To Ecology Creates Soft Power.

From the flood control dam at the end of the Qing Dynasty to the garbage dump in the 90s of last century, and then to the current ecological garden, the land of Wuhan Garden Expo has witnessed different stages of urban development, witnessing the rapid expansion and ecological return of the city.

As a representative of the new first tier cities in China, Wuhan has been expanding extensively over the past more than 10 years and the construction of subway and commercial housing. Ten years ago, the "dug" attracted Wuhan's attention from the international media. The lake filling movement once made Wuhan a public opinion.

In recent years, the rough central industrial city of Wuhan has begun to exert more and more efforts in soft power. The most representative one is the ecological park of the garbage dump.

A project designer of Wuhan Garden Expo told the twenty-first Century business news reporter that billions of dollars had been invested in industrial parks or brought considerable GDP to the city. The government spent a lot of money on this ecological project. In recent years, this project has improved the surrounding environment, has laid the foundation of the standard line for many green ecological projects in Wuhan, and has won many international awards.

In 2018, the results of the fourth Guangzhou international city innovation award were released. Wuhan has become one of the 5 cities that won the prize by "the rebirth of urban waste dump" - the innovative attempt to bridge the social gap by ecological rehabilitation. The innovation of the project is to transform the landfill into a charming leisure ecological park.

Urban green heart on rubbish dump

"This is the site of a rubbish dump that we kept. It was stinking everywhere." Ping Tao, deputy director of the general office of Wuhan landscape architecture planning and Design Institute, told reporters that he participated in the whole ecological restoration project of the garden garden.

Ping Tao said that when the workers were about to dismantle the wall, they were stopped by designers. They hoped to leave a site for visitors. The red wall site, like a scar left in the urban expansion period, contrasts with the surrounding green landscape gardens.

In the late autumn of the Wuhan Garden Expo, there are all kinds of gardening in the garden. The middle-aged and old aunts are full of makeup, wearing colorful cheongsam, and pacing in the garden. Many young people wear Han clothes to take pictures, and beautiful gardens with distinctive national characteristics provide excellent venues for Hanfu and Qipao lovers.

The garden garden is located near the Zhang Gong embankment in the northwest of Hankou. When Zhang Zhidong was governor of Huguang in late Qing Dynasty, he built the Zhang Gong embankment for the purpose of controlling floods and ensuring Hankou's safety appropriation.

In 1998, in order to solve the problem of garbage in Hankou, we built the Jin Kou garbage dump outside the Zhang Gong embankment. The area of the landfill area is 24.26 hectares, and 2000 tons of garbage are disposed daily. With the rapid development and expansion of Wuhan's city, the largest mono garbage dump in Asia was overburdened in 2005 and retired early.

In May 2012, when Wuhan applied for the garden fair, it proposed that ecological restoration technology should be used to build gardens in garbage mountain. The garbage mountain has plagued about 100 thousand residents in the vicinity. The project is located in the typical "three regardless" area, perennial demolition and relocation disputes, land rights disputes, matching deficiencies, security problems and so on. Land ownership involves more than 20 units in three districts of Jianghan, Qikou and Dongxihu, including nearly 200 thousand square meters, which need to demolish illegally constructed structures.

The composition of the surrounding population is also more complicated. Due to the pollution of the garbage dump, Zhang Gong embankment obstruct the impact, housing prices are low, and most of the residents are low income groups. This part is mostly low rent housing, housing construction area, and some famous developers' construction projects. Many people bought the pension houses in front of the beautiful environment of Jin Yin Hu, which resulted in the closure and restoration of the Jin Kou garbage dump from the date of delivery.

After the completion of the Expo Park, the "garbage poison" that has long plagued the local residents has been thoroughly solved. After the restoration, the park area of Wuhan's Jianghan, Qikou and Dongxihu three areas increased by 1.2 square meters, accounting for 20% of the three parks. Among them, the area of park green area per capita increased by 3.1 square meters, accounting for 58% of the park area per capita.

Ms. Geng, who is taking a walk with her friends, told the twenty-first Century business reporter that she grew up here. In the early years, it was dirty and messy. After the establishment of her garden, the environment was improved as a whole, and the surrounding business facilities and greening were much better.

The project is not only to build ecological gardens, but also to build the largest ecological repair bridge in China (220 meters wide). In this way, the green wedge of Fu River, one of the six green wedges in Wuhan, will be woven to the north and south, and the introduction of the outer green wedge into the central city will be of great significance to the ecological significance of Wuhan.

Unexpectedly, Yang Niandong, the vice president of Wuhan landscape architecture planning and Design Institute and the chief designer of Garden Expo Garden, has won many awards in many professional fields of garden design, and won many international comprehensive awards. At present, the project has won the C40 award of the 2015 United Nations climate conference, the 2016 Chinese living environment paradigm award and the Guangzhou International City Innovation Award.

Operation problems in the post Garden Expo Era

The garden garden is from the China International Garden Fair, which was founded in 1997. It is a high-level event hosted by the Ministry of housing and local government. At present, it has been held for twelve sessions in Dalian, Nanjing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Xiamen, Ji'nan, Chongqing, Beijing, Wuhan, Wuhan, Wuhan and so on.

Huge cost and late operation difficulties are all problems faced by all garden gardens. The office of the leading group of the Tenth China (Wuhan) International Garden Expo has said that the investment in the construction of Yuan Bo Yuan is more than 40 billion yuan.

Some respondents said that the late operation still needs a continuous cost. How to operate the garden in the garden of the back garden Expo era is also a big problem for the local government and the operation company.

In twenty-first Century, the reporter learned from the economic report that garden land is the property of greening land instead of the construction land of general theme park, and the commercial development of green land is controlled. Garden park itself is an ecological public welfare orientation, but the garden can not rely entirely on financial subsidies.

A person in charge of Xiamen Garden Expo management company once wrote that from the perspective of landscape, the garden park is mostly man-made, and the tickets are not cheap, but the characteristics and highlights are not obvious. In addition, the garden park has the characteristics of public welfare, scarcity of resources, general landscape, biased income and high cost of management and protection.

Meng Yong, general manager of Wuhan Hanyuan hair company, said in an interview with the twenty-first Century economic report reporter that from the operation point of view, the Wuhan Garden Expo is the best run of the domestic Garden Expo, which is embodied in the visitor flow and the maintenance of the garden.

Meng Yong is a member of the garden planning and design department. In his view, when the garden is just built, it is not the best form of the garden. As time goes on, the garden will gradually show better results. Of course, this needs professional maintenance.

According to the introduction, the annual revenue and expenditure of Wuhan Garden Expo is balanced, and it can make a small profit. At present, Wuhan Garden Expo also exports professional teams to operate other garden parks in China. Its specific revenue includes ticketing income, wedding income, children's natural education, etc. It mainly focuses on good life and gardens, and runs on the basis of compliance with the provisions of land use.

For the surrounding real estate development proceeds, a garden system personage said that when the garden was built, the surrounding residential areas were already relatively mature. They did not take the route of real estate enterprises to build their own parks to build real estate. After the garden was built, the housing price premium in the surrounding areas was a direct benefit to the local residents.

Meng Yong revealed that the number of visitors to the Garden Expo is increasing this year. The future Wuhan Garden Expo will further benefit the people on the tickets and attract more visitors to the park. At present, ticketing revenue accounts for less than 1/3 of the income of the garden, and the future ticketing will be more beneficial to the people. The park will do more activities, such as Hanfu Festival, music festival and so on. The venue fee is also one of the income of the park.

In early November, the 2019 Wuhan VAC syllable, which was held in Wuhan Garden Expo, gathered more than 50 thousand spectators and attracted young people from all over the country. A week later, the Garden Expo held the seventh Chinese ritual music conference again, attracting large numbers of young people gathered at home and abroad.

From production to life, cities return to ecology.

The Expo was started in 2012. It was also an important period for Wuhan to promote industrial multiplication and urban construction.

Yang Niandong recalls that the construction of Garden Expo Garden is difficult and investment is very difficult. At that time, it was very necessary for the government to make up its mind. From the perspective of urban planning, the garden park has erased the "grey belt" in the process of urban development in Wuhan. Wuhan is not only building a Garden Expo Park, but through this point to promote the ecological construction of many projects, and promote the ecological return of the city.

A planning expert in Wuhan said that Wuhan had been criticized for "digging the whole city" in the early years. Now the city has gone to the stage of improving the quality on the basis of the stock. Wuhan is building a delicate city to the stage of refinement. Wuhan has no shortage of environmental resources or talent resources. The key is to see whether the government has vision to push forward.

Yang Niandong also said that in 2012, when bidding for the Garden Expo Park, it was precisely the time when the topic of haze and landfill transformation was the highest in China. With the promotion of public opinion and government, this project has been pushed forward.

Yang Niandong said that with the closing of the military games as an example, in order to prepare for the military games, Wuhan has done a lot of work in urban landscaping and greening, hoping that the Expo will promote the soft power of the whole city's ecology and services.

Xiaohe, a young man in Wuhan, sold his first suite in the first two years, and changed a set of improved housing near the west gate of the Garden Expo Park. He told the twenty-first Century economic news reporter that the surrounding environment of the Garden Expo mainly includes lakes, gardens and quiet. What he likes most is that there are the first Yangtze River Civilization Museum with the theme of Valley civilization in China, and the largest natural museum in Central China, which is also very popular with children.

According to the annual report on pollution prevention and control of solid waste in large and medium cities in 2018 released by the Ministry of ecology and environment in December 2018, the output of domestic waste in 202 large and medium-sized cities was 2.02 billion tons in 2017, which was higher than that in 2016. In the 2013-2017 years, the compound growth rate of MSW produced in China was 5.75%.

The garbage dump in Northwest Wuhan has been restored. What is the future of the new rubbish dump?

An environmental expert told the twenty-first Century economic report that the garbage dump would always exist. The urban garbage dump is usually incineration and landfills. Now garbage sorting is the best solution, which will maximize the resource utilization of refuse from the source.

According to Wuhan's introduction, after the implementation of the rehabilitation project, many city and institutional organizations came to learn and exchange. The ecological restoration mode of Wuhan has been gradually transported to similar projects in Qinhuangdao, Hebei, Hengshui, Henan Zhengzhou, Hubei Huangshi and other ecological projects.